聚类分析在上海市12～15岁学生口腔健康“知信行”模式研究中的应用

Clustering analysis in the pattern of KAP model on the application of oral health among students aged 12-15 in Shanghai

目的:了解上海市12~15岁组学生的相关口腔健康知识、信念和行为的关系,为该人群口腔健康干预提供数据支持.方法:根据全国第四次口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对上海市2927名12~15岁组学生的冠龋进行检查和问卷调查.采用SAS 9.4软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:根据文献将该人群对口腔预防保健的认知和态度分为2类.认知态度得分较高的Ⅰ类群体,每天刷牙次数较认知态度得分较低的Ⅱ类群体多(x^2=22.9,P<0.01);知道并使用含氟牙膏的人数也较Ⅱ类多(x2=23.7,P<0.01),使用牙线的频率也较Ⅱ类高(x^2=15.1,P<0.01),食用甜点的频率较Ⅱ类低(x^2=22.1,P<0.01),食用甜饮料的频率较Ⅱ类低(x^2=26.4,P<0.01),而食用其他饮料加糖的频率,2组无显著差异(x2=10.5,P=0.11).结论:上海市12~15学生口腔危险行为因素仍有待改善,这与学生的知识和态度有关.

PURPOSE: To assess the relation of oral health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the students aged 12-15 in Shanghai, and provide data support for intervention strategies of oral health. METHODS: A total of 2927 subjects aged 12-15 years old were selected according to the method of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey and the questionnaire was filled. SAS 9.4 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The subjects were divided into 2 categories according to their knowledge and attitude of oral prevention and oral health. Type I group, with high cognitive attitude, had more teeth brushing times than those of type U group with poor cognitive attitudes(x^2=22.9, P<0.0l). Type I group had more people knowing and using toothpaste with fluoride.(x^2=23.7, P<O.Ol). The frequency of type I group using dental floss was significantly higher than type Ⅱ group (x^2=15.1, P<O.Ol), while the frequency of having deserts was relatively lower than type Ⅱ group (x^2=22.1, P<O.Ol), and the frequency of having drinks was lower than type Ⅱ(x^2=26.4, P<O.Ol). The two groups had no significant difference in the frequency of consumption of other drinks with sugar (x^2=10.5, P=0.11). CONCLUSIONS: Oral related risk behaviors are quite common among 12-15 years students in Shanghai, which are closely related to the knowledge and attitude.