重释知识产权的对象——基于权利客体与权利对象相区别的视角

Reinterpretation the Subject of Intellectual Property:From the Perspective of the Differentiation Between Right Object and Right Subject

知识产权对象与客体的界定长期无法达成一致,对知识产权法学的体系化具有不利影响。从传统民事权利对象的界定方法来看,知识产权的对象就是知识和信息,是有价值、可再现并与现有知识、信息相区别的知识和信息,具体包括作品、专利技术方案、商标以及其他未公开的信息。结合权利的本质可知,知识产权的客体就是利用这些知识信息所生之利益,权利客体的财产性和权利对象的独特性是知识产权成为独立一类民事权利的二元依据。

The definition of the subject and object of intellectual property has not been formed an unanimity for a long time, and it has adverse effect on the systematization of intellectual property law. Judging from the method of defining the subject of traditional civil rights, the subject of intellectual property is knowledge and information, and it is valuable, reproducible and could be distinguished from the existing knowledge and information. It specifically includes works, patented technology solutions, trademarks and other undisclosed information. According to the nature of rights, the object of intellectual property is the benefit result from using these knowledge and information, the property attribute of the right object and the uniqueness of the right subject are the dual basis for intellectual property to become an independent kind of civil rights.