淡竹花期不同类型叶片的生理指标变化

Physiological changes of different types of leaves of Phyllostachys glauca McClure during flowering periods

以淡竹(Phyllostachys glauca McClure)花期内佛焰苞为研究对象,选取开花植株正常叶和未开花植株正常叶作对照,根据花序发育形态分为前、中、后期,分析3种类型的叶片不同时期的激素含量(GA3、ABA、ZR、IAA)和其他生理指标含量(叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、淀粉酶、SOD、POD、MDA等)的变化。结果表明:(1)佛焰苞、开花植株正常叶与未开花植株正常叶的GA3含量均呈现出先增加后降低的趋势;佛焰苞中ZR含量持续上升,开花植株正常叶与未开花植株正常叶中则不断下降;3种类型叶片ABA含量均不断增加;佛焰苞和开花植株正常叶中IAA含量开花植株正常叶中先增加而后下降,未开花植株正常叶中则是不断上升。(2)佛焰苞、开花植株正常叶与未开花植株正常叶的叶绿素含量均不断降低,且佛焰苞中降幅最大;佛焰苞与开花植株正常叶中SOD与POD的活性先上升后下降,未开花植株正常叶的SOD活性的变化与佛焰苞和开花植株正常叶中相一致,POD活性则持续升高;3种类型叶片中MDA的含量不断升高;可溶性糖含量与淀粉酶活性在开花过程中不断下降;可溶性蛋白含量在3种类型叶片中的含量均先增加后减少,且佛焰苞与开花竹正常叶中的含量始终高于未开花竹正常叶。因此,淡竹开花期间,佛焰苞中激素与各生理指标的含量变化显示开花植株处于逐渐加剧的衰老状态。

The content changes of hormones(GA3,ABA,ZR,IAA)and some other physiological indexes(chlorophyll,soluble protein,soluble sugar,amylase,SOD,POD,MDA,etc.)in the leaves of Phyllostachys glauca collected in early,middle and late stages were analyzed,taken leaves and spathes of P.glauca during flowering period and the normal leaves of non-flowering plant as controls.The leaves of P.glauca at three stages were differentiated according to the morphological development of inflorescence.The results were as follows.(1)The GA3 content in the three types of leaves of P.glauca firstly increased and then decreased;the ZR content was continuously rising in the spathes,but decreasing continuously in the normal leaves of flowering plant and the normal leaves of non-flowering plant;the ABA content in all three types of leaves increased continuously;the IAA content in the spathes decreased,and it increased firstly and then decreased slightly in the leaves of flowering plant,while it kept rise in the leaves of non-flowering plant.(2)The chlorophyll contents in the three types of leaves all decreased,and the content descend range in the spathes was the largest;the activities of SOD and POD in the spathes and the leaves of flowering plant increased firstly and then decreased;the change of SOD activity in the leaves of non-flowering plant was consistent with the others,but POD activity showed a rising trend;the MDA contents in the three types of leaves increased all the time;the soluble sugar content and amylase activity decreased during flowering;the soluble protein contents in the three types of leaves increased firstly and then decreased,and they were higher in the spathes and the normal leaves of flowering plant than in the leaves of non-flowering plant.Therefore,the changes of the hormone contents and various physiological indexes in the flax seed flower showed that the flowering plant is in a gradual aging state.