药品属性分类知识库的构建及其在我院药事管理数据分析中的应用

Construction of Drug Attribute Classification Knowledge Base and Its Application in Data Analysis of Pharmaceutical Administration in Our Hospital

目的:为实践数据驱动的药事管理模式提供参考。方法:梳理药品属性分类信息及网络获取途径,并应用网络爬虫技术实现药品属性分类知识库的构建。在此基础上,应用自然语言处理技术及正则表达式匹配技术,对我院医院信息系统(HIS)中药品字典表与药品属性分类知识库的药品名称、规格、厂家等信息进行逐条比对,以实现HIS数据库和药品属性分类知识库两库药品编码的对应,并应用药品属性分类知识库进行医院药品使用数据分析。结果:应用所构建的药品属性分类知识库可快速而准确地分析医院抗菌药物使用情况、评价药品采购合规性并快速筛查出不合理用药案例。应用药品属性分类知识库及对照技术自主研发的"医疗机构药事管理分析与决策系统",我院实现了医疗机构全处方点评,并能迅速聚焦并聚力解决如超剂量、超疗程、同种功能主治药物联合应用、超适应证用药等主要临床不合理用药问题。通过该处方点评模式的实践与应用,我院处方点评中上述问题已几乎不存在,抗菌药物使用等各项指标也均符合国家要求。结论:以医疗机构用药实际情况作为分析对象,通过现代信息技术使其与药品相关知识库形成关联,有利于药事管理的信息化建设。今后还需基于药事管理需求,应用现代信息技术构建不同用途和类型的知识库,为实践药事管理的数据驱动奠定基础。

OBJECTIVE: To provide technical and practical basis for data-driven pharmaceutical management model. METHODS:The information of drug attribute classification and the way of network acquisition were studied,and the construction of drug attribute classification knowledge base was realized by using network crawler technology.On this basis,by using NLP technology and regular expression matching technology,the information of the dictionary table of medicines in HIS and the drug name,specifications and manufacturers in the drug attribute classification knowledge base were compared one by one.The correspondence of drug codes between "HIS database"and"drug attribute classification knowledge base" was realized.Finally,drug attribute classification knowledge base can be used to practice drug use analysis in medical institutions. RESULTS:Established drug attribute classification knowledge base can rapidly and accurately analyze the use of antibiotics, evaluate the reasonability of drug procurement and screen unreasonable drug use case rapidly."Medical Institution Pharmaceutical Management Analysis and Decision-Making System"was established by using knowledge base of drug attribute classification and control technology.All prescription reviews had been realized with this system,and the main problems of irrational drug use in clinic,such as over-dose,over-course of treatment,combined use of main drugs with the same function and over-indication drug use could be solved.Through the practice and application of the prescription comment model,the above problems in our hospital's prescription comment were almost nonexistent.Antibacterial use indicators were also in line with national requirements. CONCLUSIONS:It is beneficial to the information construction of pharmacy administration by linking actual use of drugs in medical institutions with drug-related knowledge base through modern information technology and taking the actual use of drugs in medical institutions as the object of analysis.In the future,it is necessary to build knowledge bases for different purposes and types based on the requirements of pharmaceutical administration.It lays a foundation for the practice of data-driven pharmaceutical administration.