牛粪高温好氧堆肥中发酵菌剂筛选研究

Screening of fermentation agents in cow manure during its aerobic composting

为研究外源菌剂添加条件下对牛粪好氧堆肥的影响,以不添加菌剂的牛粪为空白对照,设置7个不同发酵菌剂处理,对堆肥过程中的温度、养分、微生物数量和发芽指数4个腐熟指标进行跟踪测定。结果表明:添加发酵菌剂A仅用2d时间堆肥温度就升至50℃以上、高温阶段能持续9d,12d便能完成发酵;其处理后堆肥有机质含量为51.17%,比处理前增加0.86%;全氮含量为1.9%,比处理前仅损失2.6%;其青霉属真菌数量很少,种子发芽指数达到79.0%,堆肥完全腐熟。发酵菌剂F也达到很好的腐熟效果,这两种发酵菌剂均能达到很好的堆肥生产要求,建议推广使用。

The effects of composite exogenous inoculants in cow manure during its aerobic composting were investigated. Seven treatments of fermentuion agents were set up aerobic composting test with the microbial inoculum and natural compost as the control to study temperature,nutrient,microbial number and germination index. The results showed that the composting temperature of fermentation agent A reached 50 ℃ within 2 days,and the high temperature stage lasted for 9 days and fermentation completed in 12 days. The organic matter content of compost after treatment was 51.17%,0.86% higher than that before treatment;the total nitrogen content was 1.9%,and 2.6% loss compared with that before treatment;the number of Penicillium spp. was very small,the germination index of plant seeds was 79.0%,and the compost was completely decomposed. Fermentation agent F also achieved the same composting effect. Therefore,both agents can meet the requirements of composting production and it is suggested that they should be popularized.