新制度学派及其对中国经济发展的借鉴和启示

New Institutional School and Its Reference and Enlightenment to China’s Economic Development

新制度学派曾一度作为经济史学的异端,其观点饱受争议。尽管用现代经济学的观点或者马克思主义政治经济学的视角看待新制度学派时,其理论出发点、逻辑分析过程,甚至以制度分析的结果是偏颇的,但具有一定的独特性,表现为在学术思潮和制度分析上的独创性。新制度学派创新整体来说还是融合在经济学大学科发展中,为我们提供了认识世界和改造世界的视角和方法,成为我国一些重大经济问题改革思路形成的有益借鉴。该文回顾和梳理新制度学派的渊源,从经济学学术思潮、学派发展和内容创新方面对新制度学派作了总结和评析,对新制度学派在国有企业改革和经济结构调整上的可能借鉴作了分析,最后总结其在中国经济发展方面的有益启示。

The idea that the New Institutional School was once a heresy of economic history is controversial. Viewed from the perspective of modern economics or Marxist political economics, its theoretical starting point, logical analysis process, and even the results of institutional analysis are biased. However, it is also unique and expresses its originality in academic thinking and institutional analysis. Its innovative part as a whole is still integrated with the perspectives and methods of understanding the world and transforming the world in the development of economics, and has become a useful reference for the formation of reform ideas for some major economic issues in China. This paper reviews and sorts out the origins of the new institutional school, and summarizes and analyzes the new institutional school from the aspects of academic thought, school development and content innovation. Further analysis is done on its possible advantage on the state-owned enterprise reform and economic restructuring, summarizing its beneficial enlightenment in Chinese economic development.