长期护理保险筹资模式探析

Analysis on the Financing Model of Long-term Care Insurance

长期护理保险制度为应对老人失能风险有重要保障作用。我国的长期护理保险模式仍处于起步阶段,实践经验缺乏。通过已有研究和试点模式现状分析,认为我国应建立以政府为责任主体、独立运行的社会保险型长期护理模式。社会长期护理保险基金以个人缴费和政府补贴为主要资金来源,一方面在参保人医疗保险账户中划转,体现参保人的缴费责任;同时,需要政府提供适当补贴。权责明晰、来源稳定的筹资模式是长期护理保险制度可持续运行的关键。

The long-term care insurance system plays an important role in coping with the disability risk of the elderly. While in our country it is still in its initial stage and lacks practical experience. By reviewing the literature and analyzing the current situation of the pilot models, we should establish an independent long-term care model of social insurance with the government as the main responsibility. Social long-term care insurance funds should be based on individual contributions and government subsidies, which is the main source of funding. On one hand, the financing of long-term nursing insurance is transferred in the medical insurance account of the insured person, which reflects the liability for contributions;at the same time, the government should provide appropriate subsidies. A funding model with clear responsibilities and stable sources is the key to the sustainable long-term care insurance system.