影响庭审实质化的因素及改良意见探究

Study of Inflencing Factors of Trial Substantialization and Countermeasures

庭审实质化是中国开展“以审判为中心”诉讼制度改革的核心内容。为了推进改革,有必要探究影响改革实效的重要因素并“对症下药”。从庭审内部层面看,现有法律制度体系的缺陷导致实现庭审实质化面临现实困境;从庭审外部层面看,“侦查中心主义”理念根深蒂固。当前理论界和实务界提出的改革意见仅仅是对以往问题的重申和细化法律制度规范,并没有给出具体创建意见,尤其是未彻底打破“侦查中心主义”这一严重影响庭审实效的问题,改革成果与实现“庭审实质化”目标相差甚远。鉴于此,笔者聚焦目前庭审实质化改革面临的主要矛盾,剖析改革困境的背后成因,重塑以抗辩制为内核的事实发现机制。

"Trial substantialization" is the core of China’s trial-centered reform in litigation. In order to promote the reform, it is necessary to explore the key factors that influence the effectiveness of the reform. From the internal perspective of trial, the defects of legal system lead to the difficulties in realizing trial substantialization. From the external perspective of trial,"investigation centralism" seriously affects the effectiveness of trial. Theorists and practitioners have not given useful and specific suggestions but reiterated the existed problems and legal system. The development of reform lags behind the target of "trial substantialization". This paper focuses on the main contradictions of the reform, analyzes the reasons for the problems in the reform, and proposes to reconstruct the fact discovery mechanism centered on the adversarial system.