乡村振兴战略下县域校际资源均衡配置的实践逻辑

The Practical Logic of Balanced Allocation of County School Resources under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

考察乡村振兴与新型城镇化双轮驱动下乡村教育转型的社会动因,揭示农村校舍“空心化”和城镇学校“大班额”并存等县域校际资源非均衡配置的结构性原因,建立健全政府主导、社会参与的多元高效资源配置体制机制,成为当前乡村教育面临的重要议题。以皖中F县为例,考察县域校际资源均衡配置的实践逻辑。新型城镇化进程中人口流动使得乡村中小学面临“生源挤压”困境,为了应对生源数量逐年减少、生源质量普遍下降等问题,以保障学生就近就地享有高质量教育为目标的政策体系积极回应,并通过适度有序的“撤点并校”调整农村中小学布局。以“少年宫下乡”与学生寄宿制为代表的社会参与体系也是构建县域校际资源均衡配置体制机制的重要组成部分。因此,乡村振兴战略下县域校际资源均衡配置呈现“多维互构”的实践逻辑。

To investigate the social motivation of rural education transformation under the dual driving of rural revitalization and new-type urbanization,this paper reveals the structural reasons of unbalanced allocation of school resources in county areas such as the coexistence of hollow rural school buildings and large classes in urban schools.Establishing a multi-efficient resource allocation mechanism with government leading and social participation is also an important issue in rural education.This paper takes F County in Anhui Province as an example to investigate the practical logic of the balanced allocation of resources between county schools.In the process of new urbanization,population flow makes rural primary and secondary schools face the dilemma of“student source squeeze”.In order to deal with the problems such as the decrease of student number and the general decline of students’quality,the policy system aimed at guaranteeing the nearby high-quality education for students made a positive response,and adjusted the layout of rural primary and secondary schools through the appropriate and orderly“withdrawal of schools”.At the same time,the social participation system represented by“children's palace to the countryside”and student boarding system is also an important part of constructing the system and mechanism of balanced allocation of resources between schools in the county.Therefore,under the strategy of rural revitalization,the balanced allocation of inter-school resources in the county area presents the practical logic of“multidimensional mutual construction”.