环保法“按日计罚”制度的困境与出路

The Dilemma and Outlet of the System "Daily Penalty" in Environmental Protection Law

“美丽中国”建设离不开《环境保护法》的保驾护航,而“按日计罚”制度作为2014年《环境保护法》的“钢牙利齿”,其实施效果极大影响着《环境保护法》的运行。遗憾的是,粗放的立法技术使“按日计罚”在理论与实践层面均陷入困境。“按日计罚”实质为具有执行罚特性的行政处罚,可以通过完善《环境主管部门实施按日连续处罚办法》、衔接信用评价机制、强化政府责任等措施优化“按日计罚”制度。

The construction of "Beautiful China" can not be separated from the escort of Environ-mental Protection Law,and the implementation effect of the system of "daily penalty",as the "steel tooth" of the new Environmental Protection Law,greatly affects the operation of the new Environ-mental Protection Law.Unfortunately,extensive legislative technology makes "daily penalty" into a dilemma both in theory and practice.Through the analysis,the essence of "daily penalty" is deter-mined to be the administrative punishment with the characteristic of enforcement penalty.On this basis,the "daily penalty" system is optimized by perfecting the measures of implementing daily continuous punishment by the competent department of environmental protection,connecting with the credit evaluation mechanism,strengthening the government responsibility,and so on.