诺曼·梅勒的《裸者与死者》与“二战”时期的美国

Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead and America During World War Ⅱ

诺曼·梅勒的成名作《裸者与死者》是一部"二战"小说,但小说主要再现的不是战争本身,而是战争期间美国社会存在的性别歧视与反性别歧视、种族主义与反种族主义以及极权主义与反极权主义之间的冲突与对抗,这些冲突与对抗体现了战争期间美国国内在种族、性别及阶级等方面的各种法西斯主义思想与行为,这些思想与行为表明,虽然美国打着反法西斯主义的旗号参与海外战争,却无法遏制并消除国内十分猖獗的各种法西斯主义意识与行为。通过再现战争期间美国国内各种权力意识与反权力意识之间的冲突与对抗,梅勒不仅表达了他对人类平等、自由与和平的倡导,而且告诫人们,真正威胁人类自由、平等与和平的不是军事战争,而是各种权力意识。

Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead is a novel of World War II, but what it mainly represents is not the War itself but the conflicts and rebellions between sexism and anti-sexism, between racism and anti-racism, and between totalitarianism and anti-totalitarianism, which demonstrate the Fascist ideas and actions in terms of race, gender and class in America during the War, which show that although America often participates in wars abroad in the name of fighting against Fascism, it is not able to contain and get rid of all kinds of furious Fascist consciousness and behavior at home. By representing the conflicts and rebellions between all kinds of power consciousness and anti-power consciousness in America during the War, Mailer not only expresses his advocacy of human equality, freedom and peace, but also reminds people that what really threatens human freedom, equality and peace is not military wars but all kinds of power consciousness.