共轭多孔聚合物材料与能源存储应用

Conjugated Porous Polymers for Energy Storage

共轭多孔聚合物(Conjugate Porous Polymers,CPPs)是一系列由芳香单元通过共轭方式连接的、具有多孔结构的有机聚合物半导体.芳香单体的可设计性赋予CPPs可调的带隙结构和丰富的孔道性质,为能源转换与存储提供了全新的研究平台.本文归纳了CPPs的结构设计策略、合成和孔道结构的调节方法;综述了在微纳孔道的协同效应下,CPPs在高效光催化系统、高密度离子存储的二次电池以及超级电容器中的应用;总结了现有CPPs在能源存储领域性能研究和机理探索中的不足与挑战,展望了CPPs在未来大规模、低成本的清洁能源获取和能源存储发展中广阔的应用前景.

Conjugate porous polymers (CPPs) are emerging organic semiconductors of large conjugation and porosity, in which aromatic units are conjugatedly linked to produce pores and/or channels. Both the electronic structures and porosities of CPPs can be engineered through designing aromatic monomers, endowing CPPs as a new research platform for energy conversion and storage. This review describes the molecule design strategies, synthesis and porosity regulation methods of CPPs. The current state-of-the-art of energy applications of CPPs, including efficient photocatalytic systems, dense secondary ion batteries and supercapacitors, are subsequently reviewed. Our own opinions on the shortcomings and challenges of CPPs for energy storage are also presented. In the end, a perspective of CPPs for large-scale and low-cost clean energy acquisition and energy storage is provided.