脑肠肽ghrelin与脑功能障碍关系的研究进展

Relationship between brain intestinal peptide ghrelin and brain dysfunction

ghrelin是生长激素促分泌素受体的天然内源性配体,主要由胃黏膜细胞产生。ghrelin及其受体在大脑皮质、下丘脑、海马、纹状体等广泛表达。ghrelin参与学习记忆、焦虑应激、抑郁、情绪、睡眠和神经保护等多种脑功能的调节,这些功能在神经退行性疾病和脑功能障碍疾病中受到不同程度的损伤,ghrelin可通过对各种信号通路的调控,改变其在中枢神经系统的表达水平而发挥脑功能保护作用。本文就ghrelin对学习和记忆、焦虑、抑郁和神经保护等方面的相关研究进展作一综述。

Ghrelin is a natural endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretin receptor mainly produced in gastric mucosal cells. Ghrelin and its receptors are widely expressed in brain areas including cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus and striatum. Ghrelin participates in the regulation of brain functions as learning, memory, anxiety, stress, depression, emotion, sleep and neuroprotection, which are subject to varying degrees of damage in neurodegenerative diseases and brain dysfunction diseases. Ghrelin changes its expression level in the central nervous system by regulating a variety of signal pathways to play a protective role of brain function. This paper reviews the research progress of ghrelin in learning, memory, anxiety, depression and neuroprotection.