中日维护言语行为策略对比研究与日语教学

A Comparative Study on the Strategies of Speech Act for Saving Face in Chinese and Japanese and Japanese Teaching

本文通过收集语料的方法对中日两国经典电视剧中维护言语行为的会话策略的使用状况进行了对比考察。数据结果表明中日维护言语行为的会话策略存在着许多共性,但使用频率因文化差异而异,在维护言语行为间接会话策略的使用比例上日语明显高于汉语,在间接会话策略类型上,汉语主要倾向于使用“陈述理由”“举例证明”“模糊限制”三种类型;而日语则倾向于使用“模糊限制”“陈述理由”“引用语”三种策略。在日语教学中,应避免母语的负迁移,深入解析文化特征差异,设定多样的维护语境,进而提高在跨文化交际中实施维护言语行为的能力。

This paper compares the use of conversational strategies of speech act for saving face in classic TV dramas between China and Japan by collecting corpus. The data results show that there are many commonalities in the conversational strategies of speech act for saving face between China and Japan, but the frequency of use varies according to cultural differences. Japanese is significantly higher than Chinese in the proportion of using indirect conversational strategies of speech act for saving face, and in the types of indirect conversational strategies, Chinese mainly tends to use the three types of "statement of reasons","exemplification" and "fuzzy restriction", while Japanese tends to use the three strategies of "fuzzy restriction","statement of reasons" and "quotation". In Japanese teaching, negative transfer of the mother tongue should be avoided, cultural differences should be analyzed in depth, and various contexts of saving face should be set up, in order to improve the ability to implement the speech act of saving face in intercultural communication.