2015～2018年北京市房山区食源性疾病病原学特征分析

Analysis of pathogenic characteristics of bacterial foodborne diseases in Fangshan district of Beijing from 2015 to 2018

目的分析北京市房山区2015~2018年间食源性疾病监测数据,掌握房山区引起食源性患者腹泻病原菌及其流行病学特征。方法对2015~2018年1~12月哨点医院采集的腹泻患者标本进行病原菌分离、鉴定。结果1447件样本中,分离出病原菌362株,检出率为25.0%(362/1447);其中2015年副溶血性弧菌检出最多,检出率为6.47%(24/371);2016和2017年致泻性大肠杆菌检出较多,检出率分别为8.31%(30/361)和11.80%(44/373);2018年弯曲菌检出最多,检出率为14.62%(50/342);房山区食源性疾病主要集中在6~10月,峰值出现在8月。结论基本掌握了房山区食源性疾病的流行病学特征;未来仍要不断完善健全食源性疾病主动监测体系,持续关注细菌性食源性疾病。

Objective To analyze the surveillance data of bacterial foodborne diseases in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2015–2018,to obtain the epidemiological features of bacterial foodborne diseases.Methods Pathogen isolation and identification were carried out on the samples of diarrhea patients collected from the sentinel hospital from January to December of 2015–2018.Results Among the 1447 collected samples,362 strains pathogenic bacteria were detected with the detection rate of 25.0%(362/1447).In 2015,Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the most detected,with a detection rate of 6.47%(24/371).In 2016 and 2017,the more pathogenic Escherichia coli was detected,with the detection rate of 8.31%(30/361)and 11.80%(44/373),respectively.Campylobacter was detected the most in 2018,with the detection rate of 14.62%(50/342).Foodborne diseases in Fangshan mainly occurred from June to October,and the peak appeared in August.Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Fangshan district were basically mastered.In the future,we should continue to improve the active surveillance system for foodborne diseases and pay close attention to bacterial foodborne diseases.