佳木斯市某镇脑卒中高风险人群危险因素现况分析

Analysis of patterns of risk factors for stroke in high-risk population in a town from Jiamusi

目的通过对黑龙江佳木斯市郊区某镇脑卒中高风险分级的人群进行危险因素现况分析,为脑卒中预防及针对危险因素干预提供区域性的临床依据。方法通过面对面调查法对长居某镇40~89岁的人群进行脑卒中危险因素现况调查,统计分析高风险人群各个危险因素的暴露水平、不同性别间年龄、体重、血脂异常的差异及年龄组间各数值[体质指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]均数及标准差。结果本研究8项危险因素根据暴露水平从高至低依次为高血压病(86.11%)、血脂异常(69.65%)、明显超重或肥胖(56.46%)、运动缺乏(54.87%)、吸烟(40.53%)、脑卒中家族史(39.47%)、糖尿病(22.04%)、房颤或瓣膜性疾病(2.83%);性别间年龄、体重、血脂异常结果显示,年龄、BMI、TG、HDL-C的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),TC、LDL-C的结果差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高血压病仍是脑卒中最危险的因素,可改变的吸烟危险因素暴露比高于不可改变的脑卒中家族史的暴露比,而糖尿病和房颤或瓣膜性疾病所占比例相对较低。

Objective:To analyze the current status of risk factors for stroke in the high-risk population in a town in Jiamusi,Heilongjiang province,thus to provide regional clinical basis for local stroke prevention and risk factor intervention.Methods:The current status of stroke risk factors in the population aged 40 to 89 years was investigated by face-to-face survey,and the exposure level,gender,age,weight,differences in dysplasia,and the values of BMI,SBP,DBP,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C between subgroups were statistically analyzed Results:The eight risk factors investigated in this study were ordered according to the level of exposure as follows:hypertension(86.11%),dyslipidemia(69.65%),significant overweight or obese(56.46%),lack of exercise(54.87%),smoking(40.53%),family history of stroke(39.47%),diabetes(22.04%),atrial fibrillation or valvular disease(2.83%).There was no difference in age,BMl, TG and HDL-C between genders(P>0.05),but there was statistically significant difference in TC and LDL-C(P <0.05).Conclusion:In this study,hypertension was still the most dangerous factor,followed by dyslipidemia,obvious overweight or obesity and lack of exercise.Meanwhile,the exposure ratio of smoking risk factors that could be changed was higher than the exposure ratio of family history of stroke that could not be changed,while the proportions of diabetes and atrial fibrillation or valvular disease were relatively low.