重度牙周炎患者种植修复时机的考量

Considerations of rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses for severe periodontitis

牙周炎是一种慢性感染性疾病,其致病微生物引起的炎症常造成附着丧失、牙槽骨吸收和牙松动脱落。与健康人群相比,重度牙周炎患者的牙槽骨丧失情况更严重且感染风险更高。重度牙周炎患者行种植修复最大的挑战在于:如何在维持较好的软硬组织水平的同时避免感染并恢复美观和功能。重度牙周炎患者行种植外科与修复治疗的时机目前尚无定论。该文对重度牙周炎的临床诊断标准、重度牙周炎行种植治疗的条件、种植外科时机的选择及种植修复时机的选择进行一一论述,希望能在重度牙周炎患者的种植方案制定的过程中为临床医师提供一些思路。

Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease. Inflammation caused by its pathogenic microorganisms often results in attachment loss, alveolar bone loss and tooth loosening. Compared with healthy people, patients with severe periodontitis have more severe alveolar bone loss and higher risk of infection. The biggest challenge of implant prosthesis for severe periodontitis patients is how to maintain a good level of soft and hard tissue meanwhile avoiding infection and restoring beauty and function. The timing of implant surgery and repair for severe periodontitis is still uncertain. In this paper, the clinical diagnostic criteria of severe periodontitis, the conditions of implantation treatment for severe periodontitis, the timing choice of implantation surgery and implant restoration were discussed, hoping to provide some ideas for clinicians in the process of formulating implant placement protocols for patients with severe periodontitis.