沈阳地区急性心肌梗死患者ABO血型分布现状调查

Investigation on the distribution of ABO blood group in patients with acute myocardial infarction in Shenyang

目的观察ABO血型在沈阳地区不同人群中的分布情况,分析ABO血型与急性心肌梗死(AMI)的相关性。方法选取自2017年1月1日至12月31日于北部战区总医院心血管内科行冠状动脉造影及介入治疗的2 894例AMI患者为研究对象,其中,ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)1 608例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)1 286例。搜集所有入选患者的ABO血型信息,分别统计各血型所占比例。同时于血液检验科搜集该时间段就诊于我院的所有患者的血型分布数据,包括全院所有科室行ABO血型化验的住院及门诊患者,共58 301例,将该数据作为全人群对照组。结果对照组ABO血型分布情况与AMI患者人群分布情况相似,B型血所占比例最多,AB型血所占比例最少。AMI患者A型血患者比例略高于O型血,而对照组中A型血比例略低于O型血。AMI患者中,A型血患者所占比例高于对照组,且STEMI亚组所占比例更高;O型血所占比例低于对照组,且STEMI亚组所占比例更低;非O型血比例高于对照组,且STEMI、NSTEMI亚组均高于对照组,STEMI组高于NSTEMI组。结论心肌梗死发病可能与血型分布存在相关性,O型血可作为保护因素,而非O或A型血则作为危险因素,尤其对于STEMI患病人群,可为其临床诊疗提供参考意义。

Objective To observe the distribution of ABO blood group in different populations in Shenyang,and to analyze the correlation between ABO blood group and acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A retrospective study was performed on 2 894 cases of AMI patients who were admitted from January 1 st to January 31 st,2017.Among them,ST elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)occurred in 1 608 patients and NSTEMI in 1 286 patients.The ABO blood group information of all patients was collected and the proportion of each blood group was counted.Meanwhile,blood type distribution data of all patients who visited our hospital during this period were collected from the blood laboratory,including 58 301 inpatients and outpatients who underwent ABO blood type test in all departments of the hospital,and this data was taken as the control group of the whole population.Results The ABO blood group distribution in the control group was similar to that in AMI patients,with type B blood accounting for the most and type AB blood for the least.The proportion of AMI patients with type A blood was slightly higher than that of type O blood,while the proportion of control patients with type A blood was slightly lower than that of type O blood.The proportion of AMI patients with type A blood was higher than that of the control group,and the proportion of STEMI subgroup was higher.The proportion of type O blood was lower than that of the control group,and the proportion of STEMI subgroup was lower.The proportion of non-O blood was higher than the control group,and the STEMI and NSTEMI subgroups were both higher than the control group,while the STEMI group was higher than the NSTEMI group.Conclusion The incidence of myocardial infarction may be correlated with blood type distribution,and type O blood can be used as A protective factor,while non-type O or A blood can be used as A risk factor,especially for STEMI patients,which can provide type A reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.