2018年不同地区全株玉米青贮品质分析

Quality Analysis of Whole Plant Corn Silage in Different Regions in 2018

试验旨在对不同地区规模化牧场2018年窖贮全株玉米青贮品质进行评估,为合理利用全株玉米青贮提供理论依据。分别在华北(河北、山东、河南)、西南(贵州、云南),西北(陕西、甘肃及新疆)规模化牧场采集全株玉米青贮样品,通过营养价值分析和霉菌毒素的测定对青贮品质进行评价。结果表明:(1)西南地区ADF和NDF含量显著高于华北地区显著高于西北地区(P<0.05),华北地区淀粉含量显著高于西北地区显著高于西南地区(P<0.05),其他营养成分无显著差异。(2)三个地区呕吐毒素检出率均为100%,华北地区超标率为44.73%,西北与西南地区均为22.22%。华北地区黄曲霉毒素B1检出率为11.11%、超标率为47.22%,西北与西南未检出。三地玉米赤霉烯酮检出率分别为100%、27.78%、100%,华北地区和西南地区超标率分别为5.6%和11.11%。结论表明:各地青贮营养水平以华北最佳,其ADF、NDF,Starch含量均优于西北和西南地区。但华北地区呕吐毒素超标率较其他两地区较高,黄曲霉B1毒素也被检测处。综上所述,需提高对全株玉米青贮饲料霉菌毒素污染的认识和重视程度,加强对青贮饲料中霉菌毒素发生的预防管理。

The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the quality of whole-plant corn silage stored in large-scale pastures in different regions in 2018,and provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of whole-plant corn silage.The silage quality of whole corn silage samples produced in large-scale pastures in Hebei,Shandong,Henan,Guizhou,Yunnan,Shaanxi,Gansu and Xinjiang was evaluated by nutrient value analysis and mycotoxin determination.The results showed that:(1)the content of ADF and NDF in Southwest China was significantly higher than that in North China(P<0.05),and the starch content in North China was significantly higher than that in Northwest China(P<0.05).Other nutrients No significant difference.(2)The detection rate of DON in all three places was 100%,the over-standard rate in North China was 44.73%,and that in northwest and southwest was 22.22%,respectively.The detection rate of AFB1 in North China was 11.11%,the over-standard rate was 47.22%.The detection rates of ZEN in the three places were 100%,27.78%,and 100%,respectively.The over-standard rates in North China and Southwest China were 5.6%and 11.11%,respectively.The conclusions show that the quality of silage in all parts is the best in North China,and the content of mycotoxins in silage should be noticed.