甘肃省肉牛养殖现状及饲料使用情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Current Situation of Beef Cattle Breeding and Feed Use in Gansu Province

为了研究甘肃省肉牛养殖现状以及饲料使用情况,采用问卷调查、实地调查和文献资料相结合的方法,对甘肃省主要养殖的肉牛品种、育肥阶段存在的问题,以及常用饲料进行调查分析。结果表明,甘肃省肉牛品种以西门塔尔牛和杂交牛为主,占比分别为53.74%和46.26%,并且44.49%的受访者认为西门塔尔牛生产性能较好;肉牛养殖模式以农牧户个体为单位的分散式养殖为主,占比37.00%,且肉牛育肥过程中管理不规范;甘肃省肉牛养殖的粗饲料使用以秸秆为主,占71.81%,有45.37%的受访者表示不使用或不了解氨化秸秆。在以上调查结果的基础上,提出了提高肉牛良种化水平、规范肉牛养殖过程中的各个程序、加大饲用秸秆的开发和利用等建议。

In order to investigate the current situation of beef cattle breeding and feed use in Gansu Province, this study used questionnaires, field surveys and literature data to investigate the main beef cattle breeds and commonly used feed in beef cattle breeding in Gansu Province, and to analyze the problems in the beef cattle fattening stage. The results showed that the beef cattle breeds in Gansu Province were mainly Simmental and hybrid cattle, accounting for 53.74% and 46.26%, respectively, and 44.49% of the respondents considered that Simmental had better production performance;the decentralized breeding based on individual household of the farmers and herdsmen was the main beef cattle breeding mode, accounting for 37.00%;the management during the beef cattle fattening was not standardized;crop straw was the most commonly used roughage in beef cattle breeding, accounting for 71.81%, but 45.37% of the respondents indicated that they did not use or understand ammoniated straw. Based on the above conclusions, some suggestions were proposed as followed: introducing and breeding improved variety of beef cattle, standardizing the procedures during the whole process beef cattle breeding, and enhancing the development and utilization of forage straw.