河套灌区小麦后复种燕麦草生产性能与营养品质效应研究

Production Performance and Nutritional Quality Effect of Multiple Cropping Oat Grass after Wheat in Hetao Irrigation District

为研究小麦后复种燕麦草(Avenasativa L.)的品种适应性、生长特性、产量与营养价值,引进适合秋季种植的8个燕麦草品种(青引1号、青引2号、青燕1号、加燕2号、林纳、青海甜燕、胜利者、天鹅),通过对各燕麦草品种的农艺性状特征、分蘖数、平均旗叶宽、平均旗叶长、茎直径、株高、茎叶比、生物产量与主要营养价值分析研究,得出以下结果:相同品种生育期46d霜冻前的CP含量高于生育期76d,NDF、ADF、可溶性糖含量与鲜、干草产量均低于76d;霜冻后30d的生长速度与高度结果表明适合小麦后种植的秋性耐冷品种为青引2号、加燕2号和林纳;茎叶比与CP含量呈负相关,与NDF、ADF、可溶性糖呈正相关。单位面积生物产量(除天鹅)与CP、NDF、ADF、可溶性糖总产量呈正相关。从8个燕麦草品种中选出分蘖数适中、植株高、叶片长而宽、茎叶比低、干草总产量高和总营养价值高的品种为青引2号、加燕2号与林纳。

In order to assess the variety adaptability, growth characteristics, yield and nutritional value of multiple cropping oat grass (Avena sativa L.) after wheat, a total of 8 oat grass varieties (Qingyin No.1, Qingyin No.2, Qingyan No.1, Jiayan No.2, Linna, Qinghai Tianyan, Shenglizhe, Tiane) suitable for autumn planting were introduced. The agronomic traits, number of tillers, average width and length of flag leaf, stem diameter, plant height, stem-to-leaf ratio, biomass yield and main nutritive value of various oat grass varieties were determined and compared. The CP content of the same variety during the growth period of 46 days before frosting was higher than the growth period of 76 days, however, the content of NDF, ADF, soluble sugar and fresh and hay yield were lower than the growth period of 76 days;according to the growth rate and height data of 30 days after frosting, the autumn cold-tolerant varieties of Qingyin No.2, Jiayan No.2 and Linna were suitable for multiple cropping after wheat;stem-to -leaf ratio was negatively correlated with CP content and positively correlated with NDF, ADF and soluble sugar;except for the variety of Tiane, positive correlation between the biological yield per unit area and CP, NDF, ADF and total soluble sugar production were observed in the tested oat grass varieties. In conclusion, the varieties with moderate tillering number, high plant height, long and wide leaves, low stem-to-leaf ratio, high total hay yield and high total nutritional value were Qingyin No.2, Jiayan No.2 and Linna.