饲养方式影响母猪母性行为的研究进展

Research Progress on Influence of Feeding Methods on Maternal Behaviors in Sows

哺乳动物的母性行为主要包括做窝行为、哺乳行为、护仔和抚育行为。在畜牧生产中,母性行为的好坏会影响母猪对仔猪的哺育和母仔之间的交流,对母猪的生理、心理健康和仔猪的生长发育都有直接影响,进而影响猪场的生产成绩和经济效益。随着现代集约化养猪的兴起,养猪业发展迅速,经济效益得到了提高。但是,现代集约化饲养对于母猪表达其母性行为,以及仔猪学习如何正常表达行为产生了诸多限制因素。综述了现代集约化饲养和开放式饲养模式对母猪母性行为的影响,以及给养猪生产带来的影响。

Maternal behaviors in mammals mainly include nesting behavior, lactation behavior, newborn guarding behavior and caring behavior. In swine production, maternal behavior influences the rearing behavior of sows on piglets and the communication between sows and piglets, and has direct impacts on physiological and psychological health of sows and growth and development of piglets, thereby affects the production performance and economic benefits of pig farms. With the rise of modern intensive pig farming, the pig industry has developed rapidly and its economic benefits have been improved. However, the modern intensive feeding has many restrictive factors for sows to express their maternal behavior and for piglets to learn how to express their normal behavior. In this paper, the effects of modern intensive feeding and open feeding mode on maternal behavior in sows and their impacts on pig production were reviewed.