DNA四面体纳米材料及其功能化研究进展

Progress in DNA Tetrahedral Nanomaterials and Their Functionalization Research

DNA四面体纳米材料具有较高的稳定性、良好的生物相容性及易于修饰等优点,在生物传感器、药物输送、生物成像和分离分析等领域得到了广泛的研究与应用。研究人员采用不同的设计方法,将特异性功能分子修饰在DNA 四面体顶点、DNA 四面体笼状结构内部、DNA双螺旋结构内部和DNA四面体边臂等位置,从而将DNA四面体的优势与修饰分子的特异性功能有机结合,实现DNA四面体材料的功能化。本文回顾了DNA纳米技术的发展历程,介绍了DNA四面体纳米材料的4种不同的功能化修饰方法及其研究应用现状,并展望了未来的发展趋势。

DNA tetrahedral nanomaterials have been widely used in the fields of biosensors, drug delivery, bioimaging and separation analysis because of their high stability, good biocompatibility and easy modification. Through different designs, specific functional molecules can be modified at DNA tetrahedral vertices, DNA tetrahedral cage structures, DNA double helix structures, or DNA tetrahedron arms. The advantages of the materials are well combined with the specific functions of the active molecules. This paper first reviewed the development of DNA nanotechnology, and then introduced four different functional modifications of DNA tetrahedron nanomaterials and their research status.