欠发达地区农民工工资影响因素及差异研究——基于四川省与北京市及全国的比较

The Impact Factors and Differences of Migrant Workers’ Wages in China’s Less-developed Regions——Based on Comparative Study of Sichuan Province, Beijing and Countrywide Data

推动中国城镇化建设主要依靠农业转移人口市民化,根源则在于实现农民工的经济能力,以流出型为主要表现的欠发达地区成为城镇化人口的主要来源。本文以四川省农民工2013年调研数据,结合北京市2013年调研数据、CHIP2013数据,采用比较研究方法,通过多元回归、眀瑟方程和基尼系数分解法、泰尔指数分解法、分位数回归,对四川省农民工工资的影响因素和工资差异进行分析,并与同时期北京市、全国农民工、全国城镇户籍劳动力工资情况进行对比。结果表明,影响四川省农民工工资水平的主要因素是解决住宿情况、培训情况、工作岗位、所属行业和工作经验等,与北京市和全国平均水平相比呈现出一定的差异。四川省农民工尚处于工作经验主导工资差异的阶段,其他影响较大且显著的因素还有工作岗位、培训情况和教育程度。本文在以上分析基础上,针对四川省农民工自身和政府相关部门提出了相关建议。

China’s urbanization mainly depends on the citizenization of agricultural migrant population,and the root is to achieve the economic capacity of migrant workers.The less-developed regions with outflow pattern become the main source of urbanization population.Based on the survey data of migrant workers of Sichuan province in 2013,together with the survey data of Beijing and CHIP2013 data,using comparative method,through econometrics methods as Multiple Linear Regression,Mincer income function,Gini coefficient decomposition,Theil index decomposition and Quantile Regression,this article analyzes the impact factors of migrant workers’wages and the differences in Sichuan province,and those cases at the same time in Beijing,in China,or of urban registered labors.The results show that accommodation,training,post,industry and work experience are the dominant factors affecting the wages of migrant workers in Sichuan,and appear certain differences compared with those about Beijing and the national average.Moreover,for migrant workers in Sichuan province,working experience still makes leading impacts on wage differences,while post,training and education have great significant impacts on wages.Then based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward some suggestions for migrant workers themselves in Sichuan and relevant government departments.