新高考的现实困境、理性遵循与策略选择

The Realistic Dilemma, Value Basis and Strategic Choice of the New College Entrance Examination of China

从浙江、上海两地教育行政部门管理者、高校招生部门管理者、高中学校管理者和教师、学生四类利益相关者的视角来看,新一轮高考改革在增加学生的选择性,促进学生全面发展的同时也存在关于增加应试负担、功利化选科、公平性质疑以及影响人才培养质量的担忧。新一轮高考改革在遵循教育规律,因地制宜,稳妥推进的同时,应在充分认识高考公平的复杂性、利益诉求的多元性、科学决策的系统性的基础上,改进考试技术,促进教考联动、中高衔接,注重高考改革政策的持续性和发展性,在国家主导的宏观管理体制下,吸纳多方利益群体实质参与科学决策与政策执行。

From the perspective of four types of stakeholders, namely, administrators of educational administration departments, administrators of university admission departments, high school principals and teachers, and students. The new round of college entrance examination reform of China has increased students’ selectivity and promoted students’ all-round development. However, it has also increased the burden of examinations, and “utilitarian” subject selection, produced new equity issues and the concern on the quality of personnel training. The new round of college entrance examination reform should follow the educational law, adjust measures to local conditions and roll out steadily. At the same time, we should fully respect the complexity of college entrance examination fairness, the pluralism of interest demands and the systematization of scientific decision-making. Ultimately, rational strategic choices should be made to overcome the shortcomings of examination technology, promote the linkage between teaching and examination, attach importance to the sustainability and development of reform policies. Under macro management at a national level, attention should be paid to the participation of multi-stakeholders in decision-making and policy implementation.