航天育种技术对药用植物影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Space Breeding Technology on Medicinal Plants

航天育种结合了航天技术、生物技术和农业种植技术,利用太空特殊环境影响植物或种子的生长发育、生理生化特征及遗传变异选育出植物新品系,开创了育种新途径,能有助于解决中药材面临的野生资源匮乏、质量不稳、种植退化等问题。综述了航天育种技术在药用植物研究中的应用,分析了航天育种技术对药用植物在生物学性状、生理生化、化学成分、选育新品种和安全性问题等方面的影响,在此基础上对药用植物航天育种需要解决和完善的问题进行了探讨和展望。

Space breeding combines space technology,biotechnology and agricultural planting technology. New plant strains are bred by utilizing the special space environment to affect the growth and development of plants or seeds,physiological and biochemical characteristics and genetic variation. It opens up a new way of breeding,which can help to solve the problems of wild resources shortage,quality instability and plant degradation faced by Traditional Chinese Medicine. The application of space breeding technology in the research of medicinal plants was reviewed. The effects of space breeding technology on the biological characteristics,physiology and biochemistry,chemical composition,breeding of new varieties and safety of medicinal plants were analyzed. On this basis,the problems needed to be solved and perfected in space breeding of medicinal plants were discussed and prospected.