邻避风险的放大过程及其弱化策略——基于风险的社会放大框架的分析

Amplification Process of NIMBY Risk and its Weakening Strategy——Analysis Based on the Social Amplification Framework of Risk

众多邻避事件表明,邻避风险在与心理、社会、制度及文化的相互作用过程中被放大,产生了远远超出风险本身的涟漪效应。风险的社会放大框架为邻避风险的放大过程提供了理论阐发。邻避风险的主观属性和污名化特征是引入风险的社会放大框架的逻辑基础。邻避风险的社会放大经过了"风险感知—信息传播—社会反应—涟漪效应"四个阶段。因此,邻避风险治理应该从邻避风险的弱化着手,在邻避风险信号发出、传递的各个阶段通过风险披露、风险沟通、风险体验、风险柔性治理等策略层层弱化邻避风险,从而为邻避风险治理创造良好的社会环境。

Numerous NIMBY events show that the risk of NIMBY is magnified in the process of interaction with psychology, society, institutions and culture, resulting in a ripple effect far beyond the risk itself. The Social Amplification Framework of Risk provides a theoretical analysis of the process of augmenting the risk of NIMBY risks. The subjective attributes and stigmatization characteristics of NIMBY risks are the logical basis of the Social Amplification Framework that introduces risks. The social amplification of NIMBY risk has gone through four stages: "risk perception – information dissemination – social response – ripple effect". Therefore, the NIMBY risk management should start from the weakening of NIMBY risks, and weaken the risk of NIMBY through risk disclosure, risk communication, risk experience, and flexible risk management at various stages of the signal transmission and transmission of NIMBY signals, so as to create a good social environment for NIMBY risk management.