约翰逊政府对印度发展核武器问题的认识与对策

The Johnson Administration’s Interpretation and Countermeasure towards Indian Nuclear Weapon Problem

20世纪60年代,随着印度核能力的不断发展,以及它在核意图上所表现出的不确定性,约翰逊政府越来越担心印度可能会走上发展核武器道路。考虑到由此可能会产生的不利影响,约翰逊政府采取了美印和平利用原子能合作、改变印度国内核舆论以及劝说印度签署《不扩散核武器条约》(NPT)等方法,试图以此阻止印度发展核武器。尽管这些应对措施发挥了一定的作用,但它们并没能真正解决印度核问题。之所以会出现这种结果,一方面是因为印度不愿意放弃发展核武器的选择权,另一方面则是由于约翰逊政府认为维持良好的美印关系的重要性远大于阻止印度发展核武器,美国并不想因该问题处置不当而干扰美印关系的正常发展。

As India developed its nuclear weapon gradually and revealed uncertain in its nuclear intentions during 1960s, the Johnson administration became more concerned that India might develop nuclear weapons. Considering the bad effects, the Johnson administration tried to prevent India from going the nuclear weapons route through some measures such as peaceful atomic cooperation with India, changing public opinion towards nuclear in India and persuading India government signing Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Despite the measures took some effects, they didn’t really solve the Indian nuclear problem. The reasons lie in two aspects: on the one hand, India didn’t give up developing nuclear weapons;on the other hand, The Johnson administration considered it more significant to keep good relationship between America and India than preventing India developing nuclear weapons, America fears that this would disturb the relationship between America and India if not dealt well.