百科全书式小说艺术的中西融合——评贾平凹《山本》的叙事突破

Integration of Western and Chinese Encyclopedic Novelistic Arts: On the Narrative Breakthroughs in Jia Pingwa′s Shan Ben

中国文学研究的国际化需要将中国文学作品置于中西文论的双重注视之中,而从关键词导入的中西文论互阐模式为中国文学研究提供了新的路径。贾平凹新作《山本》是动物志和植物志,也是关于历史事件与人性解剖的鸿篇巨制,对其叙事技法的深入探讨,不仅能够明晰小说构造的机理,更有助于理解《山本》写作的作者意图与社会效应。本文以"百科全书式小说"的叙事方式作为关键词,以《山本》作为分析文本,凸显其作为百科全书式小说的叙事特点及其所反映出的认知方式,并在中西文论的关照下评判其在叙事方面的突破与不足之处。

To realize the internationalization of the study of Chinese literature,a double perspective from the Chinese literary theory and western literary theory should be adopted.By entering key terms,the comparison of literary theories from China and the rest of the world can be done in a new way.Shan Ben,renowned Chinese writer Jia Pingwa′s new novel,is at the same time zoography,flora,history and a story of humanity.A probe into its narrative skills is to clarify the frame of the story,which is conducive to the understanding of the narrative intention and its expected social effect.The present paper,by introducing the key term of "encyclopedic novel",analyzes the narrative features and cognitive pattern in Shan Ben as belonging to the encyclopedic narrative,and tries to comment on its strength and weakness as that literary type.