血栓抽吸在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死中的研究进展

Thrombus Aspiration in Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

近年来,急性心肌梗死发病率逐年升高,成为威胁中国居民生命健康安全的重要因素。由于血栓碎片脱落堵塞远端冠状动脉微血管导致心肌再灌注不良引起的“无复流”现象,成为目前限制急诊经皮冠脉介入术临床效果和患者预后的主要问题。血栓抽吸术因其能够有效减少冠状动脉远端栓塞发生并且改善冠状动脉微循环灌注,成为近来研究热点。回顾现有研究中血栓抽吸在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者中的正反两方面临床作用,旨在帮助介入医生对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者是否进行血栓抽吸治疗作出更适合的临床决策。

In recent years, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction has increased year by year, which has become an important factor threatening the health and life of Chinese. The “no-reflow” phenomenon caused by poor myocardial reperfusion, due to the blockage of distal coronary microvessels caused by thrombus debris shedding, has become a major problem for the clinical effect and prognosis of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Thrombus aspiration has recently become a hot topic because it can effectively reduce the occurrence of distal coronary embolism and improve coronary microcirculation reperfusion. This article reviews the positive and negative effects of thrombus aspiration in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in current studies, aiming to help interventional doctors make more appropriate clinical decisions on whether to use thrombus aspiration in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.