M310机组应对全厂断电事故的优化研究

Optimization Research on the Ability of M310 Units to Deal with Station Blackout

全厂断电事故作为一项超设计基准事故,在核电厂安全分析和设计运行中得到广泛关注。该事故产生的最大风险在于可能丧失堆芯衰变热排出功能,因此如何提高事故期间机组排出堆芯余热的能力,是本事故分析的核心。早在20世纪80年代,美国核管会便发布和实施了联邦法规10CFR50.63,即全厂断电事故规则及相关技术文件,显著提高了核电厂应对全厂断电事故的能力。本文总结了美国核管会对全厂断电事故的考虑和核电厂的良好实践,对比国内实际,提出国内M310机组应对全厂断电事故的改进建议。

As a beyond design basis accident,the Station Blackout(SBO)is widely concerned in safety analysis of design and operation at nuclear power plants.The most serious risk of SBO accident is the decay heat of the reactor cannot be removed.Therefore,how to improve the ability of removing residual heat from the reactor during the accident is the core issue of SBO accident analysis.As early as the 1980s,the U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission had issued and implemented the 10 CFR 50.63-SBO Rule and related technical documents,which significantly improved the ability of nuclear power plants to deal with SBO.This paper summarizes the NRC’s consideration of the SBO and the good practice of nuclear power plants in the United States.Compared with the domestic practice,it proposes corresponding improvement suggestions for the analysis and measures taken by domestic M310 units in response to SBO.