南水北调中线渠首段鸟类多样性分析

Analysis on bird diversity in the first section of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project

为给南水北调中线渠首段生态建设规划提供依据,于2018年1—10月采用样线法对渠首段鸟类资源进行了调查分析。共记录到鸟类13目31科55种;物种组成以雀形目鸟种为主;居留型以留鸟和夏候鸟居多;区系分布以广布种为主;生态型以鸣禽居多;有3种国家重点Ⅱ级保护鸟类。鸟类群落全年多样性指数为3.761 9,均匀指数为0.650 7。春季记录到的鸟种最多;夏季个体数量最多。冬季鸟类多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,夏季最低。优势度分析显示优势种有3种,分别为崖沙燕(Riparia riparia)、麻雀(Passer montanus)、喜鹊(Pica pica)。基于调查观测结果,对南水北调中线渠首段鸟类相关工作提出了若干建议。

In order to provide basis for ecological construction planning of the first section of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, the bird resources in the section were investigated and analyzed by using the line transect method from January to October 2018. A total of 55 species of birds of 31 families in 13 orders were recorded.The species are mainly of passerine birds. Most of the resident birds are resident birds and summer birds. The faunal distribution is mainly widely distributed species. Most ecotypes are songbirds. There are 3 national key class-II protected birds. The annual diversity index and evenness index of bird communities are 3.7619 and 0.6507,respectively. The largest number of bird species were recorded in spring with the largest number of individuals in summer. The diversity index and evenness index of birds are the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. The analysis of dominance shows that there are 3 dominant species, namely Riparia riparia, Passer montanus and Pica pica.Based on the results of investigation and observation, some suggestions on bird-related work in the first section of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project are put forward.