机载L波段雷达海杂波幅度分布特性分析

Analysis of sea clutter distribution with L-band airborne radar

机载雷达主要在海杂波背景下探测舰船目标,探测性能受海杂波影响大,海杂波分布特性直接影响检测器设计和系统探测性能.本文对L波段机载雷达回波特性、海杂波分布特性进行了理论分析建模,从目标检测的角度提出了海杂波预处理流程,并采用拟合的方法,基于实测数据对Rayleigh分布、Lognormal分布、复合K分布、Weibull分布等四种典型的杂波分布进行了验证,所用5级高海情和3级低海情数据样本分析表明,四种分布中Lognormal分布显著占优.上述方法与结论可用于辅助雷达最优检测器设计,具备较高的工程应用价值.

Airborne radar detects ship target mainly in sea clutter, and the detection performance is greatly bounded by sea clutter distribution property. This paper analyzes properties of L-band airborne radar echoes and especially those of sea clutter, and then presents pre-processing scheme of sea clutter from the view of ship detection. Classical distribution models namely Rayleigh, Weibull, Lognormal and compound K distribution, are verified with real radar data, which shows that the Lognormal distribution is the best. Therefore, the above preprocessing method and conclusion are meaningful in designing radar detector in practice.