夏季热应激对肉牛养殖的影响及防控措施

Effects of Heat Stress on Beef Cattle Production and Control Measures

动物健康生产受许多因素的影响,近年来随着全球变暖,温热环境逐渐成为影响畜牧业发展的重要和关键因素之一。虽然肉牛生产受到热应激的影响没有奶牛显著,但这种影响也不容小觑。本文综述影响肉牛养殖的环境因素,并阐述温湿度指数在肉牛健康养殖中的评定方法,以及热应激对肉牛生产性能、生理机能、免疫指标、繁殖性能和肉品质方面的影响。最后,提出缓解热应激对肉牛生产影响的有效策略,这些策略包括物理预防、肉牛耐热性的品种选育以及营养调控等。

Animal health production is affected by many factors. With global warming, warm environment has gradually become one of the important and key factors affecting the development of animal husbandry. Although the effect of heat stress on beef cattle production was not as significant as that of cows, it was also not to be underestimated. The purpose of this paper was to review the environmental factors affecting beef cattle production and to elaborate the assessment method of temperature and humidity index, as well as the effects of heat stress on the performance and physiological functions, immune index, reproductive performance and meat quality of beef cattle. Finally, effective strategies were proposed to mitigate the impact of heat stress on beef cattle production, including physical prevention, breed selection of beef cattle heat tolerance and nutritional regulation.