旅游干扰对张家界大鲵栖息地水质影响评价

ASSESSMENT ON EFFECT OF TOURISM DISTURBANCE ON WATER QUALITY IN THE HABITAT OF CHINESE GIANT SALAMANDER( ANDRIAS DAVIANUS) IN ZHANGJIAJIE

为探明旅游干扰对大鲵栖息地水质的影响,2014-2016年对张家界市内不同旅游干扰强度下的大鲵栖息地进行水质调查。选取溶解氧、化学需氧量、总氮、总磷和大肠菌群5项指标,采用灰色聚类法与营养状态质量指数法进行综合分析。结果表明:3年间,18个测点中仅有3个测点为GB 3038-2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类水,其余测点均为Ⅰ类水,总磷是受到旅游干扰影响的主要指标。各测点3年间水质稳定,能够满足大鲵栖息地对水质的要求。因此,按照生态旅游要求实施的旅游设施建设与旅游活动管理,可以达到旅游开发与野生动物保护的协调发展的效果。

In order to ascertain the effect of tourism disturbance on the water quality in habitat for Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus,CGS),the water quality in CGS habitat was investigated under different intensity of tourism disturbance in Zhangjiajie city from 2014 to 2016.Five indexes including dissolved oxygen(DO),chemical oxygen demand(COD),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and Escherichia coli were selected to analyze comprehensively with the grey clustering method and nutrition state quality index method.The results showed that during the three years,only 3 of the 18 measuring points were classⅡwater quality while the others were classⅠ;TP was the main influence index affected by tourism disturbance.The water quality were stable during 2014-2016,which could meet the requirements of water quality for the CGS’habitat.Therefore,the coordinated development of tourism development and wildlife protection can be achieved by implementing the construction of tourism facilities and management of tourism activities in accordance with the requirements of ecotourism.