孟加拉国的区域合作：背景、进程与特点

Regional Cooperation in Bangladesh: Background, Process and Characteristics

20世纪以来,孟加拉国深刻地认识到区域经济一体化和全球经济一体化带来的机遇,根据国际形势变化积极调整内外政策,以促进本国经济的快速发展。孟加拉国地理位置优越,是连接东南亚和南亚的战略枢纽,而且劳动力资源丰富,宽松的经济政策和良好的周边关系为其参与区域经济发展提供了良好的条件。孟加拉国积极推行睦邻友好的对外政策,是南亚国家中最先提出建立"南亚区域合作联盟"构想的国家。1980年5月,时任孟加拉国总理的齐亚·拉赫曼首先提议建立南盟,并积极促成南盟成立。南盟的成立,开启了南亚地区合作的新局面,为南亚地区经济的发展开辟了新思路,也适应全球范围内区域合作趋势的发展,为地区经济的发展提供了契机。南盟为南亚各国的发展提供列一个良好的平台,并为南亚地区的经济融合与发展创造了条件。随后孟加拉国又加入环印度洋地区合作联盟,着力推进环孟加拉湾经济技术合作组织发展,支持孟中印缅经济走廊建设。孟加拉国积极参与区域合作的主要特征是以周边国家为主要合作伙伴,在各个区域合作组织中表现的比较积极,但是由于孟加拉国是"小国",易受周边大国的影响。

Since the 20 th century, Bangladesh has been deeply aware of the opportunities brought by regional economic integration and global economic integration. Bangladesh actively adjusts its foreign policy in accordance with the changes in the international situation to promote the rapid development of its economy. Bangladesh, with its superior geographical position, is a strategic hub connecting Southeast Asia and South Asia. It also has abundant labor resources, loose economic policies and good peripheral relations, which provide good conditions for its participation in regional economic development. Bangladesh actively pursues its foreign policy of good-neighborliness and friendship, and is the first country in South Asia to put forward the idea of establishing the "South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation". In May 1980, Zia Rahman, then Prime Minister of Bangladesh, first proposed the establishment of SAARC. The establishment of SAARC has opened up a new situation of regional cooperation in South Asia, opened up new ideas for the economic development of South Asia, adapted to the trend of regional cooperation in the global scope, and provided opportunities for the development of regional economy. SAARC provides a good platform for the development of South Asian countries and creates conditions for economic integration and development in South Asia. Then Bangladesh actively joined the Alliance for Regional Cooperation around the Indian Ocean, promoted the development of The Bay of Bengal Initiative for MultiSectotal Technical and Economic Cooperation and supported the construction of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. Bangladesh has actively participated in regional cooperation, with its neighboring countries as its main partners, and has been relatively active in various regional cooperation organizations.However, because Bangladesh is a "small country", it is vulnerable to the influence of neighboring big countries.