转炉含钒钢渣冶炼钒系合金新流程工艺思路

NEW PROCESS OF SMELTING VANADIUM ALLOYS FROM VANADIUM-BEARING BOF SLAGS

钒钛磁铁矿在以钢铁为主导的冶炼工艺流程中,经转炉提钒炼钢后渣中仍存有不少的钒。目前,有关于钢渣返回高炉冶炼,以及钠化或钙化湿法提钒技术等报道,但因存在诸多问题尚未大规模生产。文章提出了一套新的冶炼工艺来生产钒系列合金:矿热炉以含钒钢渣为主配加钒钛磁铁矿生产高钒生铁;使用一台AOD炉通过顶吹氧、低吹氩并加入适当冷却剂生产钒渣,另一台AOD炉以提钒后的含钒铁水经脱磷脱碳等工序生产低钒合金;倾动电炉以钒渣为原料用电硅热法生产硅钒合金;真空电阻炉和重熔炉以钒片为原料生产钒氮合金。该工艺可有效解决钢厂产生的大量脱磷钢渣,实现对钒、铁等有价资源最大限度的回收利用,具有显著的经济效益和环境效益。

There is still much V in BOF slags during the steel-making using vanadium-titanium magnetite.At present,the existing technologies about extracting V from BOF slags have not been applied on a large scale due to several problems.The article proposes a new smelting process to produce vanadium series alloys:It produces high vanadium pig iron with vanadium-containing steel slag as the main component and vanadium-titanium magnetite in submerged arc furnace;Using an AOD furnace to produce vanadium slag by top blowing oxygen,bottom blowing argon and adding appropriate coolant;Using another AOD furnace to produce low vanadium alloy with vanadium-bearing iron liquid after vanadium extraction by dephosphorization and decarburization.The silicon-vanadium alloy is produced by electric silicon thermal method using vanadium slag as raw material in tilting electric furnace.Using vanadium sheets as raw materials to produce vanadium-nitrogen alloys in the vacuum resistance furnace and the remelting furnace.The process can effectively solve the large amount of dephosphorization steel slag produced by the steel plant,realize the maximum recycling of valuable resources such as vanadium and iron,and has significant economic and environmental benefits.