防守情境中网球运动员眼动特点研究

Eye Movement Features of Tennis Players in Defensive Situation

采用专家-新手范式,采集他们在防守情境中的反应时、准确率和眼动特征数据,对网球落点预判的眼动特征进行分析。结果发现:专家对落点的预判正确率更高,反应时更短;专家和新手在不同击球时机的预判反应时没有显著差异,正确率有显著差异,对手击球后是运动员进行信息搜索从而做出预判的最有效时刻;专家和新手同样重视兴趣区,专家更关注对手身体信息,新手更关注球;在防守情境中,专家具备独特、高效的直觉决策模式。

With the expert-novice paradigm, the time, accuracy of the recreation and eye movement data were collected in their defensive situation and the eye movement features of tennis drop point were analyzed. The research findings show that the expert use less time in judging the accuracy of drop point, that expert and novice have no obvious difference in judging the hitting time but have difference in accuracy and after hitting is the most effective time for athletes to collect information and make prediction, that the expert and novice both value interest zones while experts value opponents’ information and novice value tennis ball and that the expert have more unique and effective intuitive decision-making model in the defensive situation.