六安地区小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分型分布和特征分析

Typing distribution and characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica in Lu’an,China

目的通过对2018年度六安市小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌在腹泻患者、家禽家畜、苍蝇和冷冻冷藏食品检出的情况,了解小肠结肠炎耶尔森在该地区分布特征,为防治提供科学依据。方法对采集的样本进行分离培养、生化、血清鉴定和分子生物学检测。结果 2018年共采集各类样本617份,检出小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌38株,检出率为6.16%,10类样本中有8类检出该菌,猪的粪便检出率最高为25%;其次为阳性病例对照样本,检出率为11.76%(38/617);鸡粪的检出率(5/60)和狗粪的检出率(1/12)均为8.33%。致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森的血清学均为O:3型且基因分布均为 ail+、ystA+、yadA+、virF+、ystB-,只有猪粪检出。首次在小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌患者家冰箱内壁和饲养家猪中检出小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌;PFGE分子分型显示腹泻患者之间菌株和宿主动物猪的菌株的相似度均为100%。结论六安市小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分布特点为:猪为该市小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌主要带菌者,感染率最高且均为致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌;其它家畜、苍蝇以及冷藏食品也普遍存。更值得注意是首次在小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌患者家冰箱内壁和饲养家猪中检出小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,提示家庭环境和家畜为其感染高危因素值得高度重视,也为小肠耶尔森菌患者防控提供了方向。

To investigate the distribution characteristics of Yersina enterocolitis and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment in the Lu’an area, through the detection for Y.enterocolitica in diarrhea patients, poultry and livestock, flies and frozen refrigerated food in Lu’an City in 2018,isolation, culture, biochemical, serological and molecular biological tests were performed on the collected samples. Results showed that a total of 617 samples were collected in 2018, 38 strains of Y. enterocolitica were detected, the detection rate was 6.16%. And Y. enterocolitica was detected in 8 species from 10 species. The highest detection rate in pig manure was 25%, the positive case-control samples, with a detection rate of 11.76%. The detection rate was 8.33% in chicken manure and dog manure. The pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was O:3 serotype and the gene distribution was ail+, ystA+, yadA+, virF+, ystB-. And detected only in pigs . Y. enterocolitica was detected in the inner wall of refrigerator and in pigs for the first time in the patients′with Y. enterocolitica . Molecular typing showed that the similarity between strains and host animals was 100% by PFGE. In conclusion, distribution characteristics of Y. enterocolitica in this city is that the main carriers of Y. enterocolitica are pigs with the highest infection rate. They all are pathopoiesia Y. enterocolitica . As for other, the livestock, flies and refrigerated foods are also common exist. It is worth noting that Y. enterocolitica was first detected in the refrigerator wall of Y. enterocolitica patients and in pigs. It is suggested that family environment and livestock are the high risk factors for infection. It also provides a direction for the prevention and treatment of Y.enterica patients.