新疆某大学医学生体形分布、肥胖影响因素分析及其公共卫生意义

Influence Analysis of the Body Shape Distribution and Obesity on Medical Students in a University in Xinjiang and its Significance in Public Health

目的:通过对新疆某大学部分医学生饮食及生活习惯的调查,分析其体形分布状况及超重肥胖的影响因素,为实施针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法:通过分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取医学生733人为调查对象;通过问卷调查和体格检查收集信息;采用SPSS20.0软件进行数据分析,多因素分析采用Logistic回归。结果:医学院学生消瘦、正常、超重、全身性肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率分别为13.8%、69.7%、12.6%、4.0%、20.7%,标化率为12.6%、72.7%、16.2%、5.3%、25.1%,男生超重、全身性肥胖、中心性肥胖检出率均高于女生;男生超重、中心性肥胖率总体呈现随年龄升高而增加的趋势;中心性肥胖的检出率高于全身性肥胖。男生、23~25岁年龄组、油炸食物、新鲜肉摄入、饮酒、未经医生指导情况下吃减肥药OR值分别是2.946、2.270、2.350、3.139、1.938、3.935。结论:新疆该校医学生超重及肥胖检出率水平较高,25岁以上男生及中心性肥胖是医学生超重肥胖的防治重点,男生、25~岁年龄组、油炸食物、新鲜肉摄入、饮酒、未经医生指导情况下吃减肥药是超重肥胖的危险因素。

Objective: To analyze the distribution of body shape and the influencing factors of overweight and obesity by investigating the diet and living habits of some medical students in a university in Xinjiang, and provide reference for the implementation of targeted interventions. Methods: 733 medical students were selected as the survey subjects by stratified cluster random sampling. Information is collected through questionnaires and physical examinations. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software, and logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: The detection rates of weight loss, normal, overweight, systemic obesity and central obesity among medical students were 13.8%, 69.7%, 12.6%, 4.0%, 20.7% respectively. The standardization rate was 12.6%, 72.7%, 16.2%. 5.3%, 25.1%. The overweight, systemic obesity, and central obesity detection rate of boys were higher than that of girls The overweight and central obesity rate of boys showed an increasing trend with age.The detection of central obesity was higher than systemic obesity. The OR values of boys, 23 to 25 years old, fried food, fresh meat intake, drinking, and diet pills without medical guidance were 2.946, 2.270, 2.350, 3.139, 1.938, 3.935 respectively. Conclusion: The overweight and obesity detection rate of medical students in Xinjiang is higher. The boys over 25 years old and central obesity are the focus of prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity among medical students. Boys, 25-year-old age group, fried food, fresh meat intake, drinking, and diet pills without the guidance of a doctor are risk factors for overweight and obesity.