光响应生物材料研究进展及应用

On Research Progress and Applications of Photo-responsive Biomaterials

目的:对光响应生物材料在药物控制系统及组织工程支架方面的研究及应用进行综述,为推进基础研究成果走向临床转化提供参考。方法:通过文献研究,归纳光响应生物材料的分类及光化学反应机理,讨论其在药物控制系统及组织工程支架领域中的应用,探讨其在临床转化中面临的挑战,并对未来发展方向进行展望。结果与结论:由于光源具有很多优点,使得光响应生物材料在药物控释系统、生物传感器、荧光探针及组织工程支架等生物医药领域得到广泛的关注。尽管近年来光响应生物材料基础理论研究已经取得巨大进展,但是在临床转化中仍存在激发光源和生物相容性等问题。未来新材料研发上如果能有创新,例如制备出对近红外光响应的生物材料或者兼具对多种刺激如光、pH、酶等有响应的生物材料,将会给光响应生物材料在医疗领域应用带来更大希望。

Objective: To review the research development and applications of photo-responsive materials in the biomedical fields in order to provide references for promoting the transformation of basic research results into clinical practice. Methods: By briefly introducing classifications and photochemical reaction mechanisms of photo-responsive materials, their applications in the biomedical fields including drug control systems and tissue engineering scaffolds are reviewed, and the challenges in clinical transformation and potential future directions for photo-responsive biomaterials are discussed. Results and Conclusion: As light has many advantages, photo-responsive materials have been widely accepted in biomedical fields, such as drug control systems, biosensors, fluorescent probe and tissue engineering scaffolds, etc.. Although the basic theory research of photoresponsive materials has made great progress in recent years, there are still many problems and challenges in clinical transformation, such as excitation light source and biocompatibility of photo-responsive materials. The innovations of research and development of new materials which respond to near-infrared(NIR) light and many stimuli, such as light, pH and enzymes will bring more opportunities for the applications in medical fields.