黄土边坡落水洞的形成演化机理研究

Formation and Evolution Mechanism of Waterfall Tunnel on Loess Slope

以合阳县全兴寨边坡为调查对象。研究发现边坡上落水洞不同的聚集形态可将其分为单洞发育、群洞发育和带状发育。针对落水洞的发育特征,将其演化过程划分为:初始阶段、形成阶段、扩大阶段、破坏消亡阶段四个阶段,四个阶段互相转化,彼此促进,构成了落水洞发育形成的全过程,不同阶段对边坡的破坏效应不同。根据水不同的作用方式,将落水洞的形成机理分为:湿陷-潜蚀-冲蚀型、冲蚀-湿陷-潜蚀型、潜蚀-湿陷-冲蚀型三种。通过对边坡落水洞的形成演化机理深入讨论,对落水洞诱发的地质灾害防治有一定的借鉴意义。

Quanxing Zhai Slope in Heyang County was investigated.It is found that the different aggregation patterns of water-fall tunnels on slopes can be divided into single-hole development,group-hole development and zonal development.According to the development characteristics of falling water tunnel,its evolution process is divided into four stages:initial stage,formation stage,expansion stage and destruction and extinction stage.The four stages transform each other and promote each other,forming the whole process of falling water tunnel development and formation.The failure effects of different stages on slope are different.According to the different action modes of water,the formation mechanism of falling water tunnel can be divided into three types:collapsible-submerged erosion-erosion type,erosion-collapsible-submerged erosion type,and latent erosion-collapsible-erosion type.Through the in-depth discussion of the formation and evolution mechanism of the slope water tunnel,it has certain reference significance for the prevention and control of geological hazards induced by the water tunnel.