无症状菌尿与中老年女性开腹子宫切除手术部位感染的相关性

Correlation between Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Surgical Site Infection in Middle-aged and Elderly Patients Undergoing Open Hysterectomy

目的研究无症状菌尿与中老年女性子宫切除手术部位感染的相关性。方法回顾性分析2011年6月至2018年8月在贵州医科大学第三附属医院行开腹子宫切除术的1469例中老年女性患者临床资料,对其术后手术部位感染相关因素进行单因素及多因素回归模型分析,以明确无症状菌尿等因素与中老年女性开腹子宫切除术后手术部位感染的相关性。结果1469例患者中,101例(6.88%)发生手术部位感染;124例伴有无症状菌尿,其中感染14例(11.29%);1345例不伴有无症状菌尿,其中感染87例(6.47%);伴有无症状菌尿患者的感染率明显高于不伴有无症状菌尿患者(χ^2=4.123,P=0.042)。单因素分析结果显示,无症状菌尿、糖尿病史、术式、住院时间(>15d)、手术季节(夏秋)、体质量指数(BMI)(≥25kg/m^2)、病变性质(恶性肿瘤)、美国麻醉师协会(ASA)评级(>Ⅱ级)、切口长度(≥10cm)、手术时间(≥3h)、出血量(≥1000ml)、血清白蛋白浓度(<30g/L)、血糖(≥10mmol/L)、血红蛋白浓度(<90g/L)均是中老年女性开腹子宫切除手术部位感染相关因素(P均<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,无症状菌尿、病变性质(恶性肿瘤)、血糖(≥10mmol/L)、手术时间(≥3h)、ASA评级(>Ⅱ级)是中老年女性开腹子宫切除手术部位感染的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论无症状菌尿是中老年女性开腹子宫切除手术部位感染危险因素之一,术前对无症状菌尿的筛查与治疗可降低其手术部位感染率。术前对患者进行ASA评级,给予相应术前准备,监测并有效控制血糖,提高手术技能,减少手术时间,对减少术后手术部位感染也有重要意义。

Objective To explore the correlation between asymptomatic bacteriuria(AB)and surgical site infection(SSI)in middle-aged and elderly women undergoing open hysterectomy. Methods The clinical data of 1469 middle-aged and elderly women undergoing open hysterectomy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from June 2011 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Factors associated with SSI after operation were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression models to identify the relationship of AB with SSI after open hysterectomy. Results Of these 1469 patients,101(6.88%)had SSI and 124 had AB[including 14 patients(11.29%)with infections].In addition,1345 patients had no AB,among whom 87(6.47%)had infections.Thus,the infection rate in patients with AB was significantly higher than that in patients without AB(χ^ 2=4.123, P=0.042).Univariate analysis showed AB,history of diabetes mellitus,surgical procedure,length of stay(>15 d),season(summer and autumn),body mass index(≥25 kg/m^ 2 ),nature of lesions(malignant tumors),ASA grade(>grade Ⅱ),incision length(≥10 cm),and operative time(≥3 h),bleeding volume(≥1000 ml),serum albumin concentration(<30 g/L),blood glucose(≥10 mmol/L),and hemoglobin concentration(<90 g/L)were associated with SSI(all P <0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that AB,nature of lesions(malignant tumors),blood glucose(≥10 mmol/L),operative time(≥3 h),and ASA grade(>grade Ⅱ)were risk factors for SSI in these patients(all P <0.05). Conclusions AB is one of the risk factors for SSI in middle-aged and elderly women undergoing open hysterectomy.Screening and treatment of AB before surgery can reduce the risk of SSI.ASA grading shall be performed before surgery before corresponding preparation was offered.Effective control of blood glucose,improved surgical skills,and shorter operative time are helpful for lowering postoperative SSI.