circRNAs对哺乳动物胎盘养分转运和胎儿发育的影响

Regulation of circRNAs on Mammalian Placental Nutrient Transport and Fetal Development

circRNAs是一类具有闭合环状结构的内源非编码RNA分子。近几年的研究发现,circRNAs在真核生物中普遍存在,它不但有一定的保守性和细胞特异性,而且还具有调控基因转录的作用。胎盘养分转运对胎儿发育非常重要,甚至决定了胎儿能否顺利产出,对日后生长发育状况也有很大影响。猪和鼠上的研究均表明,circRNAs在胎盘养分转运和胎儿发育过程中具有重要的调控作用。本文综述了circRNAs的来源、产生机制、分类、特点及其功能,并结合动物生产实际情况综述了circRNAs对哺乳动物胎盘中葡萄糖、氨基酸、脂肪酸等养分转运及胎儿发育的调控作用。

circRNAs are a subclass of endogenous non-coding RNAs with a closed continuous loop.In recent years,lots of studies have found that circRNAs are ubiquitous in eukaryotes.They not only have certain conserved characteristics and cell specificity,but also play a regulatory role in gene transcription.Regulation of nutrient transport across the placenta is very important for the fetal development,which even determines whether the fetus could be successfully delivered and also affects its future growth and development.Studies in pigs and mice have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in placental nutrient transport and fetal development.This paper reviews the sources,production mechanisms,classification,characteristics and functions of circRNAs.Combined with animal production,the regulation role of circRNAs on nutrient transport of glucose,amino acids and fatty acids in mammalian placenta and fetal development are also reviewed.