艺术史理论再思考

Rethought on the Theory of Art History

艺术史的创新应该建立在跨界、中国视角和本土化的基础上,可大体归结为:第一,学科的跨界正是艺术学理论作为一门新兴学科的专业本质,自然也是在艺术学理论视野下的艺术史思考的创新出发点。不解决观念问题,不建立真正意义上打通和综合的艺术史观,艺术学理论学科中便没有也不可能有艺术史的合法地位。第二,重视艺术本质的诸要素平衡,以艺术品为中心,同时摆脱形式主义、结构主义的艺术史学传统,将艺术家生平及其创作观念摆到适当位置,将艺术理论史纳入艺术史的范畴。第三,形式主义和结构主义理论与艺术史的本质不相容。必须以全面再现和阐释人类历史上曾经有过的艺术现象为主要目的,不刻意将不同时代的艺术品之间是否有联系作为艺术史展开的前提。第四,应当重视艺术史的历史本质,艺术史不应孤悬于历史科学之外。勾画艺术演变规律,不能脱离文化社会背景。

The innovation of art history should be established on the interdisciplinary,Chinese perspective-based and localized basis. It therefore can be summarized as following. First,the trans-discipline is the nature of art theory studies as a new emergent discipline,as well as the starting point of the innovation of art history under the perspective of art theory studies. If the conceptual problem is not resolved and a comprehensive concept of art history is not established,art history will not have legitimate position in the discipline of art theory studies. Second,the elements of the nature of art should be balanced,and art works should be the centre. Also,the art history tradition of formalism and structuralism should be avoided,the biography of the artists and their creation concepts should be well placed,and the history of art theory should be taken into the category of art history. Third,formalism and structuralism are not suitable for the nature of art history.Therefore,comprehensive representation and illustration of the artistic phenomenon ever existed in human history must be considered as the main purpose;meanwhile,whether or not art works in different periods in history have relationships should not be regarded as the precondition of an art historical research. Finally,the historical nature of art history should be emphasized and art history should not be away from the science of history. A description of the evolution of art can not be detached from the cultural social background.