传统与现代之间——云南大理周城村白族扎染现状的艺术人类学考察

Between Tradition and Modernity:An Art Anthropological Investigation of the Current Situation of Bai People’s Tie-dyeing in Zhoucheng Village,Dali,Yunnan

周城村白族扎染技艺在社会变迁中所呈现出的不同生存状态是民族非物质文化遗产传续博弈于传统与现代之间的真实写照,也是民族地区的乡村建设在传统与现代间、地方与全球间寻找发展出路与提升空间的一种映射。地方民族文化在与世界的接驳中不断地进行自身调试,适应了新时代审美需求及市场需求的白族传统扎染技艺回滤到了乡村的社会结构秩序中,行走在现代化进程中的乡村也在以新的方式反哺着生长于其中的民间艺术。该案例给我们的启示在于对非遗项目的传承与保护可在对地域文化遗产群资源的整体利用和联动中淡化其单一的地方属性,以一种民族象征符号的形式在文化的全球性中寻求其民族性的新定义与新意义,从而在一个更为广阔的语境中发挥其艺术的能动性作用。

Different living status of the Bai tie - dyeing in Zhoucheng Village can be seen as a real picture of the inheritance of ethnic intangible cultural heritage struggling between tradition and modernity, as well as a reflection of the seeking of development and promotion space between locality and globalization. Local ethnic culture has to adjust itself in the contact with the world. The Bai tie - dyeing techniques, after adjusting to aesthetic and market needs in the new times, came back to the social structural order of the village, meanwhile, the village, which is developing into modernity, feeds with new methods the folk arts that grow in it. We can learn from this case that, the single locality can be weakened in the interaction of a wholistic use and linkage of the local cultural heritage cluster resources so as to seek new definition and meanings of ethnicity in a cultural globalization through using the symbolized ethnicity. Thus, the function of the artistic motility of intangible cultural heritage can be exerted in a larger context.