为何立法者不承担法律责任

Why legislators can’t be held liable

任何形式的法律体系都包含着对违反规范的行为人追究法律责任的机制,一般而言,追究法律责任必须以法律义务的明确界定为前提,而法律义务的设定又必须以行为能力的假定作为最为重要的基础。立法者之所以不能承担法律责任是因为:界定立法者立法能力的不可能性与认定立法者违反法定义务的不可能性。《立法法》上的义务性规范对于约束立法行为依然是有意义的,它们是对立法行为进行职业道德评价或工作绩效考核的重要依据。

Any form of legal system contains a mechanism for holding perpetrators accountable for violations of norms. In general, legal liability must be based on a clear definition of legal obligations. The creation of legal obligations must be based on the assumption of capacity. The reason why the legislator can not bear legal responsibility is: the impossibility of defining the legislator's legislative ability and the impossibility of finding the legislator's violation of statutory obligations. The compulsory norms in the Legislative Law are still meaningful to restrain the legislative acts, and they are the important basis for the professional ethics evaluation or job performance evaluation of the legislative acts.