我国城市河道水体黑臭的成因与原位修复技术探讨

Causes of the urban black-odor rivers and the treatment technologies in-situ

城市河道黑臭严重破坏了河道生态系统和人居环境。原位修复技术具有施工方便、效果好、花费低等特点,受到人们的广泛关注。该技术包括引水冲污、人工曝气和原位覆盖等物理方法;化学絮凝、钝化和氧化等化学方法;微生物修复、植物修复和生态浮岛等生物方法。每项技术均有优缺点,单一技术难以起到很好的治理效果,而且各河道差异很大,应因地制宜,集成多种技术,最终解决河道黑臭问题。

Black-odor urban rivers destroyed the river eco-systems and endangered the health of residents. Treatment technologies in-situ have attracted much attentions for the advantages over dredging in convenience, effects and costs. These technologies contain water diversion to flush pollutants, artificial aeration, capping in-situ, chemical flocculation, chemical passivation, chemical oxidation, microbial remediation, phytoremediation and ecological floating island, etc. Each technology has its relative merits and disadvantages, and the rivers differ greatly. Therefore, it is required to integrate technologies according to local conditions to restore the healthy urban rives.