基于棒影法的居室有效日照时数分析——以清远市区为例

Analysis of Effective Sunshine Hours in House Based on Stick Sunlight Shadow Method

日照是建筑规划设计的重要因素。通过基于棒影法的计算原理,制定清远市区各方位各时刻棒影比率表,计算并分析居室有效日照时数,发现该方法仅适用于无其他日照遮挡的平行布置条式住宅之间;地球绕太阳运动时存在的摄动现象使日照棒影法分析居室日照存在误差;利用棒影法分析居室有效日照时数,需要确定日期和时刻、建筑地理位置、间距、朝向、楼层高度等要素;气象部门可利用日照、温度、湿度和风向风速等历史气候资料,开展室内微气候(包括有效日照情况)评估;民众可综合考虑有效日照、夏季防热、自然通风等情况,科学选择室内场所。

Sunshine is an important factor in architectural planning and design.Based on the calculation principle of stick sunlight shadow method,the paper aims to make a form about the ratio of stick sunlight shadow in various orientations and moments in Qingyuan to calculate and analyze the effective sunshine hours.Through the analysis,this method is only applicable to parallel arrangement buildings without other occlusion.Perturbation phenomenon from motion of the earth around the sun makes error on the stick sunlight shadow.Date and time,building location,spacing,orientation,floor height and some other aspects are needed for the analysis;Meteorological departments can use sunlight,temperature,humidity,wind direction,wind speed and other historical climate data to do the internal micro-climate (including effective sunshine) evaluation;people can take into consideration the conditions of effective sunshine,summer heat protection,natural ventilation and so on to choose places scientifically.