中英两国大学风景园林专业实践教学比较研究——以爱丁堡大学和华中农业大学为例

Comparative Analysis on Practice Teaching of Landscape Architecture Major between Chinese and British Universities:Taking the University of Edinburgh and Huazhong Agricultural University as Examples

随着美丽中国和生态文明的建设,风景园林学科在城市发展和生态环境保护中的作用日显突出。风景园林是一门实践性很强的专业,实践教学是风景园林专业人才培养的重要载体。以英国爱丁堡大学和中国华中农业大学为例,分析英国和中国风景园林专业实践教学的特点及差异,指出英国爱丁堡大学在实践教学中注重实际场地与理论实践结合,并具有国际视野等特点;华中农业大学践行"情·境育人"办学理念,构建"五阶"实践教学体系,创新课程实践的形式与内容,延伸实践教学、建立"无限课堂"等特点。提出了英国大学风景园林专业在实践教学的过程评价、自主性和开放性、多学科合作等方面值得借鉴的地方。

With the construction of beautiful China and ecological civilization,landscape architecture plays an increasingly prominent role in urban development and ecological environment protection.Landscape architecture is a highly practical major.Practical teaching is an important carrier for the cultivation of landscape architecture professionals.Taking the University of Edinburgh and Huazhong Agricultural University as examples,this paper analyses the characteristics and differences of the practice teaching of Landscape Architecture Major in Britain and China,and points out that there are some characteristics of the practical teaching of the University of Edinburgh in Britain,such as focusing on basing an actual site,international vision and the combination of practical and theoretical teaching.Huazhong Agricultural University practiced the school-running idea of "emotional and contextual education",and constructed a practical teaching system with "five steps",innovated the form and content of curriculum practice,extended practical teaching,and established "infinite classrooms". It is suggested that the process evaluation,autonomy,openness and multi-disciplinary cooperation of landscape architecture practical teaching in British universities should be used for reference.